Maslow: Rediscovering the Later Version of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: Self-Transcendence and Opportunities for Theory, Research, and Unification

Abraham Maslow was a pioneering psychologist best known for developing the hierarchy of needs, a model that outlines human motivation. At its base are physiological and safety needs, followed by love, esteem, and culminating in self-actualisation—the realization of one’s fullest potential. Later in his career, Maslow introduced the concept of self-transcendence, which involves connecting to something greater than oneself, such as spirituality or altruism. Maslow’s humanistic approach emphasized positive human qualities, growth, and fulfillment rather than pathology. His work laid the foundation for positive psychology and continues to influence both psychological theory and holistic approaches to personal development.

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